Creational design pattern

Design patterns help us to create robust applications by solving common problems using known and proven solutions.

The Builder design pattern allows you to create objects that are usually complex using another object that builds them step by step.

The Factory design pattern is mainly used when we have a class or interface with many subclasses or implementations, and according to some input, we need to return one of these specific subclasses.

The Proxy design pattern is simply an intermediary that is designed over a class to add some additional functionality, without modifying the original class.

This is one of the best-known patterns and is perhaps the first that comes to mind when you ask us about design patterns in Java.

The goal is to have only one instance of a class involved and ensure that this happens every time this instance is needed.